According to the model, the 3D structure relating time allocation to reward intensity and price is shifted leftward along the price axis by reductions in reward probability the magnitude of the shift estimates the change in subjective probability. On riskless trials, reward was delivered on every occasion that the rat held down the lever for a cumulative duration called the "price," whereas on risky trials, reward was delivered with probability 0.75 or 0.50.
Here, we test this proposition by varying reward probability, a variable that influences the computation of payoff in the 3D model downstream from the output of the integrator. We have proposed that a 3D model relating time allocation to the intensity and cost of reward can distinguish manipulations acting prior to the output of the spatio-temporal integrator from those acting at or beyond it. The proportion of time allocated to self-stimulation depends on the intensity of the rewarding effect as well as on other key determinants of decision-making, such as subjective opportunity costs and reward probability. The rewarding effect arises from the volleys of action potentials fired by the stimulation and subsequent spatio-temporal integration of their post-synpatic impact. Rats will work for electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle.
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